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Sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att behandla smärta hos patienter med ett substansberoende: En litteraturöversikt
Marie Cederschiöld University, Department of Health Care Sciences.
Marie Cederschiöld University, Department of Health Care Sciences.
2022 (Swedish)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Nurses' experiences of managing pain in patients with substance dependence : A litterature review (English)
Abstract [sv]

Bakgrund: Smärtupplevelsen är subjektiv och individuell som inte kan uppskattas av storleken på en skada. Sjuksköterskans uppgift är att främja livskvalitet, lindra lidande och reducera komplikationer. Inom sjukvården administreras ofta opioider mot smärta, som har en hög beroendepotential. Personer med ett substansberoende och smärta har lika rätt till en kvalitativ, evidensbaserad och värdig vård. Behandlingen ska präglas av ett personcentrerat förhållningssätt där smärtan respekteras, bekräftas och tros på med hänsyn till olika faktorer som kan påverka smärtupplevelsen.

Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att behandla smärta hos patienter med ett substansberoende.

Metod: En litteraturöversikt som utgick från tio vetenskapliga originalartiklar, hämtade från databaserna PubMed och CINAHL complete. Sökorden i PubMed var följande, "nurs* experienc*", "nurs* attitude*", "Substance-Related Disorders", "Opioid-Related Disorders", "Pain Management", "care management" och "pain". I CINAHL complete var sökorden, "Substance Dependence", "Substance Use Disorders", "Pain Management", "care management", "Pain",  "nurs* experienc*" och "nurs* attitude*". Av de utvalda artiklarna var åtta kvalitativa och två kvantitativa som kvalitetsgranskades samt analyserades efter Fribergs metodbeskrivning.

Resultat: Resultatet visade att inadekvat vård förekommer i smärtbehandlingen av patienter med substansberoenden. Detta till följd av sjuksköterskors bristande kunskap och kommunikation, stigmatisering, osäkerheter och rädslor samt brister i standardiserade smärtskattningsinstrument och behandlingsriktlinjer.

Sammanfattning: Att behandla smärta hos patienter med substansberoenden kräver bred kompetens inom området och berör fysiska, sociala och psykiska behov. Vården behöver integrera ett personcentrerat arbetssätt för att tillgodose detta. Genom att dela med sig av erfarenheter och kunskap kunde man minska stigmatisering och lättare hantera egna känslor. Även organisatoriska förändringar på politisk nivå krävs för förbättringar. 

Abstract [en]

Background: Pain is a subjective and an individual experience which cannot be judge by the apperance of an injury. The role of a nurse is to improve quality of life, alleviate suffering and reduce the impact of pain. In healthcare, addictive opioids are mainly administered for pain. People with a substance dependence and pain have the same right to a qualitative evidence-based and dignified care. Pain management should be characterized by a person-centred approach in which pain is respected, acknowledged and believed in, considers the various factors that may influence the experience of pain.

Aim: The aim was to describe nurses' experiences of managing pain in patients with substance dependence.

Method: A general literature review based on ten original scholarly articles, taken from PubMed and CINAHL Complete databases was chosen for the study. The key words in PubMed was “nurs* experienc*”, “nurs* attitude*”, "Substance-Related Disorders", "Opioid-Related Disorders", "Pain Management", "care management" and “pain”. The following key words in Cinahl complete was "Substance Dependence", "Substance Use Disorders", "Pain Management", "care management", “Pain”, “nurs* experienc*” and “nurs* attitude*”. Of the selected articles were eight of qualitative design and two were quantitative. They were all quality reviewed and systematically analyzed according to Friberg's method description.

Results: The findings show that inadequate care occurs as a result of nurses' perceived, as well as measurable, experiences of treating pain in patients with substance addictions. Based on lack of knowledge and communication, stigmatization, uncertainties and fears, as well as deficiencies in standardized pain assessment instruments and treatment guidelines.

Summary: Managing pain in patients with substance dependence requires broad competence and affects physical, social and psychological needs. The healthcare have to integrate a person-centered way of working to accomplish those needs. Stigma and self-management of own feelings could be improved by sharing experiences and knowledge. Organizational changes at the political level are also required for improvements.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2022. , p. 33
Keywords [en]
Literature review, Nurses' experiences, Pain management, Substance dependence
Keywords [sv]
Litteraturöversikt, Sjuksköterskors erfarenheter, Smärtbehandling, Substansberoende
National Category
Nursing
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-10133OAI: oai:DiVA.org:esh-10133DiVA, id: diva2:1745823
Educational program
Bachelor of Science in Nursing
Uppsok
Medicine
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2023-03-27 Created: 2023-03-24 Last updated: 2023-06-01Bibliographically approved

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