In this article, the two main items covered in this anthology, namely “polarization” and “cohabitation” will be treated through a case-study of the multi-confessional national-state of Lebanon. My approach would be to give a contribution on the understanding of social interaction and cohesion in turmoil when survival is at stake, with high degrees of internal and external pressures which combined set the environment for co-existence or what could be perceived nonexistence by the people and communities concerned. My focus and interests are two-fold. Lebanon will be analysed in the intersection between religion and civil society with a sociology of religion perspective.