Prostate cancer is the most common form of cancer amongst men in both Sweden and Europe. Once the disease has metastasised, and is no longer sensitive to hormonal (castration) therapy, it is considered incurable. However, since a few years back men at this stage of the disease have the opportunity to undergo different life-prolonging treatments. The knowledge about the effect of these treatments on different patient-reported outcome measures is very limited. Thus, the aim of this study was to, based on men’s experiences of living with, and undergoing life-prolonging treatment of, metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), identify issues and matters of importance and significance to this group. The study also includes an evaluation of a questionnaire intended for use in a larger prospective research project including men in the corresponding situation. The study was conducted with qualitative design. Data was collected through nine interviews; five were semistructured and four were carried out with think-aloud methodology. The content of the interviews revolved around the questionnaire, as well as the participants’ situation living with and undergoing treatment of mCRPC. Data was analysed using qualitative content analysis. In conclusion, the result indicates that living with and undergoing life-prolonging treatment of mCRPC could mean living in a world of uncertainty and change. This could be manifested in various ways, with physical, psychological, emotional, social and existential consequences. Information, knowledge and participation in decision-making appeared to be of importance. The complexity of these men’s situations puts demands on health care, where a holistic view of the patient, continuity and trust were described as essential. The result was applied in the completion of the research project questionnaire.

The study was carried out with financial support from Sophiahemmet reseach fundings and County council of Sörmland.