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Konsten att tillvarata patientens resurser: en intervjustudie
Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
2012 (Swedish)Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
The art of managing patient's resources : an interview study (English)
Abstract [sv]

Bakgrund: Rapporter och studier belyser utvecklingsbehovet inom hälso- och sjukvården avseende salutogena förhållningssätt. Få systematiska hälsofrämjande arbetsmetoder existerar samt att ett helhetsperspektiv där den enskilde patientens resurser tillgodoses, bör vara centralt. Denna studie avser att skapa ökad kunskap om hur arbetet med patientens resurser ser ut.

Syfte: Syftet var att undersöka hur specialistsjuksköterskan i psykiatrisk vård identifierar, värderar och använder sig av resurser hos patienter med psykisk ohälsa.

Metod: Kvalitativ design valdes för att ge svar på syftet. Datainsamlingsmetoden var intervju där sex specialistsjuksköterskor inom psykiatrisk vård deltog. Forskningsfrågorna besvarades via frågor av öppen karaktär. Datamaterialet analyserades enligt kvalitativ innehållsanalys, induktiv ansats.

Resultat: Informanterna beskrev att patientens resurser identifierades i alliansskapande möten, kartläggande samtal samt motiverande samtal. Vad informanterna värderade som resurser resulterade i kategorierna interna respektive externa resurser. Exempel på betydelsefulla resurser är att ha ett socialt nätverk, att ha insikt över sin situation samt motivation att göra förändringar i sin tillvaro. Att formulera resursdiagnoser och att interagera dem med åtgärderna i omvårdnadsplanen, beskrevs som ett effektivt verktyg för att förvalta patientens resurser. Samtliga informanter upplevde påtagliga förbättringsområden avseende resurshanteringen, till exempel saknades ett gemensamt språk angående hur resurser skall tillvaratas, arbetet upplevdes alltför probleminriktat samt önskades ett processmässigt tankesätt istället för att endast det akuta åtgärdas.

Diskussion: Studiens resultat diskuterades gentemot Antonovskys salutogena perspektiv, vilken understryker vikten av att se det friska hos patienten och vilka resurser som bidrar till hälsa. Flera studier lyfter fram att det salutogena perspektivet och begreppet KASAM kan användas i praktiken samt ha betydelse i återhämningsprocessen mot psykisk hälsa.

Abstract [en]

Background: Studies show a need for development in mental health service for salutogenic approaches. Few systematic health promoting activities exist and a holistic perspective, where the patient’s individual resources are catered, should be the focus. This study intends to provide a better knowledge of how the work with the patient’s resources look like.

Aim: The aim of this study was to examine how psychiatric nurses identify, value and use the resources of patients with mental illness.

Method: A qualitative design was chosen. The data collection was done by interviews, in which six psychiatric nurses participated. Open-ended questions were used to answer the research questions. Data was analyzed according to qualitative content analysis, using an inductive approach.

Results: The participants described that the patient’s resources were identified in sessions where the emphasis was laid on building a therapeutic alliance, information gathering and motivational interviewing. The resources that the participants valued resulted in two categories, internal versus external resources. To have a social network, to have awareness of one’s situation and motivation to change were all examples of meaningful resources according to the participants. To formulate resource diagnosis and to integrate these with the interventions in the care plan were described as effective tools in order to look after the patients’ resources. All participants experienced significant improvements in terms of managing their resources. For instance, there was no agreed understanding of how to utilize resources, the work was perceived as too problem focused and a preference for a more process focused way of thinking was expressed.

Discussion: The study’s results were discussed against Antonovsky’s salutogenic         perspective, which emphasises the importance of viewing the healthy aspects in patients as well as the factors that contributes to good health. Many studies highlight that the salutogenic perspective and KASAM can be applied in practice and is useful for the recovery process in mental health.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2012. , p. 37
Keywords [en]
Care plan, health promotion, mental health nurses, psychiatric nursing, resources.
Keywords [sv]
Hälsofrämjande vård, psykiatrisjuksköterskor, psykiatrisk omvårdnad, resurser, vårdplan.
National Category
Nursing
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-1792OAI: oai:DiVA.org:esh-1792DiVA, id: diva2:570928
Educational program
Postgraduate Diploma in Specialist Nursing - Mental Health Care
Uppsok
Medicine
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2012-11-21 Created: 2012-11-20 Last updated: 2015-05-11Bibliographically approved

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