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Kvinnlig könsstympning: En litteraturstudie om konsekvenserna
Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
2012 (Swedish)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Female genital mutilation : A research review about the consequences (English)
Abstract [sv]

Bakgrund: Varje år könsstympas fler än 2 miljoner kvinnor. Traditionen att könsstympa kvinnor går så långt tillbaka i historien att ingen historiker i dagsläget kan säga exakt hur, var och varför denna sedvänja uppstod. Det förekommer i ett trettiotal länder. Ingreppet sker ofta utan smärtlindring, sterila instrument och kompetent personal. I Sverige är kvinnlig könsstympning brottsligt, lagen gäller alla svenska medborgare oavsett om det sker inom Sveriges gränser eller utanför. Antalet könsstympade kvinnor i Sverige har ökat i takt med ökad invandring. Kvinnlig könsstympning kan ses som ett övergrepp och kan ge konsekvenser för kvinnor livet ut.

Syfte: Syftet var att belysa de fysiska, psykiska och sociala konsekvenserna för kvinnor som genomgått könsstympning.

Metod: En litteraturstudie genomfördes enligt Forsberg (2006) och startade med sökningar i databaserna Cinahl och PubMed. Sju kvantitativa och fyra kvalitativa artiklar valdes ut för analys.

Resultat: De fysiska konsekvenserna rörde främst miktion, menstruation och sexuellt samliv. Känslomässiga trauman och en känsla av förlust dominerade de psykiska konsekvenserna. Gällande de sociala konsekvenserna berördes kvinnornas identitet till stor del samt deras upplevelser av hur västerlänningar ser på dem. Resultatet visar på övervägande negativa fysiska, psykiska och sociala konsekvenser. Även positiva aspekter har framkommit.

Diskussion: I resultatet framgick tre större teman som var gemensamt för de fysiska, psykiska och sociala konsekvenserna. Dessa var kulturkrock, sociala påtryckningar och individ. De kan bidra till att förbättra omvårdnaden av kvinnor som genomgått könsstympning. Diskussionen inspireras av teorin Theory of cultural marginality där fokus ligger på att förklara människors reaktioner då två kulturer kolliderar.

Abstract [en]

Background: Each year, about 2 million women undergoes genital mutilation. The tradition of genital mutilation of women goes so far back in history that no historians in our time can say exactly how, where and why this practice occurred. The only thing we know is that the practice of female genital mutilation is performed in about thirty countries. The surgery is often done without analgesia, sterile instruments and medically skilled personnel. In Sweden, genital mutilation is a crime and the law applies to all Swedish citizens, regardless of whether it occurs within Sweden's borders or outside. The number of genitally mutilated women in Sweden has increased in line with increased immigration. Genital mutilation can be seen as an assault and may have consequences for women throughout their lives.

Purpose: The purpose was to illuminate the physical, psychological and social consequences for women who have undergone genital mutilation.

Methods: A literature review was conducted in accordance to Forsberg (2006). The search started out by using two databases, Cinahl and PubMed. Seven quantitative and four qualitative articles were selected for analysis.

Results: The physical consequences were related to urination, menstruation and sexual intimacy. Emotional trauma and a sense of loss dominated the psychological consequences. The two largest social consequences that were found were the women's identity and their experiences of how westerners experience them. The result shows predominantly negative physical, psychological and social consequences, although positive aspects also emerged.

Discussion: The results showed three major themes that were common to the physical, psychological and social consequences. These were culture clash, social pressures and individuals. They can help to improve the care of women who have undergone genital mutilation. The discussion was inspired by the theory "Theory of cultural marginality" where the focus is on explaining people's reactions when two cultures collide.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2012. , p. 31
Keywords [en]
Female genital mutilation, Implications, Culture, Identity, Lifeworld
Keywords [sv]
Kvinnlig könsstympning, Konsekvenser, Kultur, Identitet, Livsvärld
National Category
Nursing
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-2110OAI: oai:DiVA.org:esh-2110DiVA, id: diva2:615138
Educational program
Bachelor of Science in Nursing
Uppsok
Medicine
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2013-04-09 Created: 2013-04-08 Last updated: 2013-04-09Bibliographically approved

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