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Människan bakom sjukdomen: En litteraturöversikt om vårdpersonalens attityder gentemot personer med HIV/AIDS
Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
2015 (Swedish)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
The human behind the disease : A literature review of the nursing staff’s attitudes towards people with HIV/AIDS (English)
Abstract [en]

Background: HIV/AIDS has existed officially for more than 35 years and is now seen as a global epidemic. The disease has claimed many victims and there is no indication showing decrease of the mortality rate. The disease is currently incurable, but antiretroviral drugs have good effect at slowing down the process. The persons who live with the disease are exposed to stigma and, sometimes, negative attitudes. The negative attitudes could affect the person’s willingness carry through the test. It might also lead to an unequal care.

Aim: To describe the nursing staff’s attitudes towards HIV/AIDS and the people who live with HIV/AIDS.

Method: A literature review, based on two qualitative articles and eight quantitative articles. The articles were collected from the databases CINAHL complete and PubMed with the chosen keywords.

Results: The result contained of three categories: Nursing staff’s attitudes, Possible causes for negative and positive attitudes and Possible consequences of negative attitudes. The first category was about the attitudes from nursing staff towards HIV/AIDS and towards people who live with the disease. The second category was about possible causes for the negative attitudes and the last category was about the consequences of the negative attitudes.

Discussions: The discussions were classified into two main sections, Possible consequences of negative attitudes and How the suffering appears, which included one minor section: How the caregiver can ease the suffering.  The sections were discussed using the concept of suffering according to Katie Eriksson, especially the suffering related to health care. The first section deals with how consequences of negative attitudes among the nursing staff affect the patients. The second section describes how suffering related to the care emerges in the patient due to the negative attitudes. The final, minor section shows examples of how the caregiver can mitigate the suffering.

Abstract [sv]

Bakgrund: HIV/AIDS har funnits officiellt i över 35 år och ses idag som en global epidemi. Sjukdomen har skördat många offer och det finns ingen indikation på att dödssiffrorna minskar. Sjukdomen är obotlig men bromsmedicinerna som finns ger god effekt. Personerna som lever med sjukdomen utsätts för stigma och ibland negativa attityder. De negativa attityderna kan påverka personens vilja att testa sig och kan även leda till en ojämlik vård.

Syfte: Beskriva vårdpersonalens attityder till HIV/AIDS och personerna som lever med HIV/AIDS.

Metod: En litteraturöversikt som baserades på två kvalitativa och åtta kvantitativa resultatartiklar. Dessa hämtades från databaserna CINAHL complete och PubMed med hjälp av valda nyckelord.

Resultat: Resultatet bestod av tre kategorier: Vårdpersonalens attityder, Möjliga orsaker till negativa och positiva attityder samt Möjliga konsekvenser av negativa attityder. Den första kategorin handlar om vårdpersonalens attityder mot HIV/AIDS och dem som är drabbade av sjukdomen, den andra kategorin handlar om möjliga orsaker till de negativa attityderna och den sista kategorin handlar om vilka konsekvenser de negativa attityderna ger. 

Diskussion: Resultatdiskussionen indelades i två större avsnitt, Möjliga konsekvenser av negativa attityder samt Hur lidandet uttrycks med ett mindre avsnitt, Hur vårdaren kan lindra lidandet. Avsnitten diskuterades med hjälp av Katie Erikssons lidandebegrepp där fokus låg på vårdlidande. Det första avsnittet handlar om konsekvenserna av vårdpersonalens negativa attityder som påverkar patienten. Det andra avsnittet beskriver hur vårdlidande uppstår hos patienten på grund av de negativa attityderna. I det sista avsnittet ges exempel på hur vårdaren kan lindra vårdlidandet. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2015. , p. 29
Keywords [en]
HIV/AIDS, Attitudes, Caring, Stigma, Suffering, Unequal care
Keywords [sv]
HIV/AIDS, Attityder, Vårdande, Stigma, Lidande, Ojämlik vård
National Category
Nursing
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-4722OAI: oai:DiVA.org:esh-4722DiVA, id: diva2:822430
Educational program
Bachelor of Science in Nursing
Uppsok
Medicine
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2015-06-17 Created: 2015-06-16 Last updated: 2021-11-16Bibliographically approved

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