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  • 201.
    Björnlund, Anders
    et al.
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Wejkner, Martin
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Humor i mötet mellan sjuksköterska och patient2014Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Research has revealed that humor is a social phenomenon that can be seen as a universal language. It has been shown to affect a number of factors in a positive way including the care environment, the relationship between nurse and patient as well as the patient's health. Humor is not only positive in a nursing context, hence there are times when it should be avoided.

    Objective: The purpose is to illustrate the use of humor in the meeting between nurse and patient.Method: This bachelor thesis is a literature review where ten scientific articles have been selected, similarities and differences are identified and finally compiled.

    Results: The result consists of three main themes: The impact of humor on the department's care atmosphere, the interaction between nurse and patient and the effects of humor. Under the main theme of interaction between nurse and patient, two sub-categories were identified: communication between nurse and patient as well as lost opportunities for humor. The main theme of humor effects were identified under the categories: humor as strategy and humor as relief.

    Discussion: In the resultdicussion a debate will follow in which the results are implemented in Travelbees nursing theory, Human- to- Human Relationship Theory, but also how new research relates to the result. Travelbees nursing theory with its phases can be used consistently in the result, which new research also largely shows. Overall, the nurse should use humor, to a greater extent than is the case today.

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  • 202.
    Bladh, Ulrika
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences, St Lukas Educational Institute.
    Informationsteknologi som terapeutiskt hjälpmedel: Den terapeutiska relationen via Skype2016Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Today's information society, is offering new ways to interact, to establish relationships and maintain contact between people.Technology and therapy is a way to maintain a therapeutic relationship with the help of Skype as an information technology tools. The purpose of the study is to examine psychotherapist’s experiences of the therapeutic relationship in psychodynamic psychotherapy via videocommunication. Research questions focuses on the psychotherapists' use of psychodynamic theories, the description of the therapeutic relationship and how the therapeutic alliance is being built in videocommunications. The study was a qualitative research approach with a hermeneutic method. Six therapists who pursued therapy via Skype were interviewed. The results show that therapists felt that there was a distance in the relationship which could be used positively to investigate deeper into the therapy. The therapies became wordier as transferense and countertrancferences could not be identified as easily as in a physical meeting. The therapeutic alliance felt more fragile on Skype. Discussions from the study shows in order to pursue a psychodynamic psychotherapy on Skype the therapists needed to adapt the theory to the technology. The distance in the relationship was used as a means of therapy to be developed into insight therapy but could also seem to strengthen the defenses.

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  • 203.
    Blazevic, Sanda
    et al.
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Eriksson, Lisa
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Att leva med kroniskt obstruktiv lungsjukdom: En litteraturöversikt över patienters upplevelser2012Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 204.
    Ble Hammar, Pierrette
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Sjuksköterskans erfarenhet av icke-verbal kommunikation: En litteraturstudie2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Non -verbal communication is a common term for wordless exchange between two or more people. Instead of gathering with the words you use body language in the form of gestures, facial expressions, eye contact, touch, tone and in silence listen. Research shows that non – verbal communication is the best opportunity to achieve communicative performance with patients who for various reasons cannot fully express themselves verbally, for example by aphasia as a complication of stroke and in dementia. Another group where non – verbal communication are useful is to patient from other cultures, then you do not have a common language. Non – verbal communication requires empathy, mutual trust between the nurse and patient as well as time to function optimally. Nurses expresses that nonverbal communication is a problem and that they need more experience in using non - verbal communication.

    Aim: Aim of the study was to describe the nurses experience of non – verbal communication.

    Method: The essay based on literature study involving then scientific articles from which the two main categories and three subcategories were identified to be particularly important for the aim of the study to describe the nurses experience of non – verbal communication.

    Results: Two main categories and four subcategories were identified. The first main categorie shows what facilitates nurses non – verbal communication and has the subcategory; Nurses positive emotions affect the non – verbal communication. The other main category shows what hinders nurses non – verbal communication and have subcategories; Nurses negative emotions affect the non – verbal communication, lack of time a barrier to nurses non – verbal communication and nurses experience of non – verbal communication in technologically advanced care. The results of the study show that non – verbal communication is perceived as a resource even in such difficult and technically complex medical care situations as respiratory care.

    Discussion: The relationship between nurse and patient is in many ways complicated and over time it undergoes several stages of development according to the nursing researcher Joyce Travelbee. Therefore, it may take time to get to know the patient and understand each other. In varying degrees lacks nurses both ability and experience to communicate non – verbally. Effective non – verbal communication allows nurses feelings of both satisfaction and happiness at work.

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  • 205.
    Blom, Mimmi
    et al.
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Lindmark, Marika
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    “I had no time to die. I had things to do, and I wasn’t ready.”: Hur äldre kvinnor upplever och hanterar en hjärtinfarkt- en litteraturstudie2010Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 206.
    Blom, Zofia
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Kommunikation mellan hörselskadade patienter och sjuksköterskan2006Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 207. Blomberg, Karin
    et al.
    Forss, Anette
    Ternestedt, Britt-Marie
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences. Ersta Sköndal University College, Enheten för forskning i palliativ vård.
    Tishelman, Carol
    From 'silent' to 'heard': professional mediation, manipulation and women's experiences of their body after an abnormal Pap smear.2009In: Social Science and Medicine, ISSN 0277-9536, E-ISSN 1873-5347, Vol. 68, no 3, p. 479-86Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    While there is a large body of research on cervical cancer screening, fewer studies address the experiences of women receiving abnormal Pap smear results after routine screening. Those studies highlighting such experiences tend to concentrate on resulting psychosocial distress, with an absence in the literature about women's experiences of their bodies during medical follow-up for dysplasia, and no studies were found that explore such experiences over time. In this article, we focus on bodily experiences over time during medical follow-up of an abnormal Pap smear among a group of women in Sweden. This qualitative analysis is based on interview data from a total of 30 women, and with in-depth analysis of the content of 34 transcribed interviews with nine women who were followed longitudinally. We found that medical follow-up involved an experience of both "having" and "being" a body, which changed over time. Women described a process that ranged from having a cervix that was neither felt, 'heard', nor seen, to having a body that became known to them first indirectly through professional mediation and later through direct experience after professional manipulation. The conceptualization of bodily boundaries appeared to change, e.g. through visualization of the previously unfamiliar cervix, pain, vaginal discharge, and bleeding, as well as linkages to the bodies of women in their extended families through the generations. Thus, bodily experiences appear to be an intrinsic part of medical follow-up of an abnormal Pap smear through which health, disease, and risks in the past, present, and future were reconceptualised.

  • 208. Blomberg, Karin
    et al.
    Ternestedt, Britt-Marie
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences. Ersta Sköndal University College, Enheten för forskning i palliativ vård.
    Törnberg, Sven
    Tishelman, Carol
    How do women who choose not to participate in population-based cervical cancer screening reason about their decision?2008In: Psycho-Oncology, ISSN 1057-9249, E-ISSN 1099-1611, Vol. 17, no 6, p. 561-9Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In Stockholm, Sweden, women are invited to a cost-free population-based cervical cancer screening programme (PCCSP) at regular intervals. Despite this, many women choose not to attend screening at all or to take opportunistic tests instead. This study explores how women who actively declined participation in the PCCSP reasoned about their choice. Qualitative telephone interviews and fax messages from women who actively declined participation in the PCCSP were analysed inductively. The manner in which women defined and conceptualized distinctions between, and the roles and responsibilities of, both private and public spheres were found to be central in explanations of decision making. Factors related to women's decisions not to participate in screening at all include a lack of confidence in the benefits of screening, previous negative health care and preventive experiences, a belief in one's own ability to discern health changes or a belief that one was not at risk for cervical cancer, as well as a number of unconventional standpoints on social and political issues. Women who chose not to participate in the organized PCCSP, but who did use private opportunistic screening, generally motivated this with direct or indirect criticism of the screening programme itself. Not only was the examination itself sensitive but also all facets of the PCCSP, from invitation letter on, were found to influence women's decisions. Using Jepson et al.'s ethical framework to peruse the evidence-base underlying women's 'informed decision-making' about CCS is suggested to be more constructive than discussing potential participants' knowledge versus lack of knowledge.

  • 209.
    Blomberg, Klara
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Vårdande samtal i psykiatrisk vård ur sjuksköterskors perspektiv: en intervjustudie2014Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 210.
    Blomkvist, Jill
    et al.
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Ericsson, Åsa
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Hinder och möjliggörande faktorer till forskningsimplementering: sjuksköterskans upplevelser2006Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 211.
    Blomkvist, Malin
    et al.
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Tounsi, Nadia
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Den manliga sjuksköterskan: Den manliga sjuksköterskans uppfattning om hur hans könsroll påverkar det dagliga omvårdnadsarbetet2011Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 212.
    Blommé, Nina
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Patienters erfarenheter av att delta i forskning: En litteraturöversikt2015Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Research and development is conducted in many areas of health care. This means that many patients seeking care and treatment may be asked to participate in research. A person who is ill and in need of care can experience him/herself, in the role of patient, ending up in a position of dependence in relation to health care professionals. The patient is seeking help and health care staff are those who by virtue of knowledge and ability to help patients have a stronger position. Being a patient and participating in research may thus imply receiving increasing attention, but also inferiority or dependency.

    Aim: The aim was to describe patients’ experiences of participating in research.

    Method: A literature review was performed based on results from ten qualitative articles, limited to adult patients with experience of participating in research.

    Results: The results are presented in four categories; exploring the decision to participate in research, Meaningfulness of participating in research, Perception of barriers related to research and from the feeling of support – to the feeling of abandonment.

    Discussion: The result has been discussed in relation to the life-world perspective according to Dahlberg and Segesten. Three main aspects of the results will be discussed; Barriers for participating in clinical trials versus willingness to participate, dependency on health care professionals – a risk factor both for the patient and the research trial, and the patient’s autonomy and participation in the decision-making about research.

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  • 213.
    Bodin, Anna
    et al.
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Lindström, Veronica
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Att leva med KOL: -en litteraturstudie2011Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 214.
    Bonnevié, Ann-Charlotte
    et al.
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Odén, Maria
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    När livet vänds upp och ner: familjemedlemmars upplevelse av att ha ett barn i familjen med cancer2008Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 215.
    Borell, Malin
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    En ny handledningsmodell - hur underlättar den handledningssituationen?: En intervjustudie om olika uppfattningar hos handledande sjuksköterskor2014Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 216.
    Boreson, Hedvig
    et al.
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Askesjö, Lisanja
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Nepalese nurses' experiences of the family´s importance in health care: An interview study conducted in Kathmandu, Nepal2015Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 217.
    Borglund, Liv
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Hästar och hundar i sociala behandlingsverksamheter2014In: Hästen, hunden och den mänskliga hälsan: vård, behandling och terapi / [ed] Gunilla Silfverberg; Henrik Lerner, Stockholm: Ersta Sköndal högskola , 2014, p. 69-83Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 218. Boroujeni, Ali Zargham
    et al.
    Mohammadi, Rakhshandeh
    Oskouie, Sayede Fatemeh Haghdoost
    Sandberg, Jonas
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Iranian nurses' preparation for loss: finding a balance in end-of-life care.2009In: Journal of Clinical Nursing, ISSN 0962-1067, E-ISSN 1365-2702, Vol. 18, no 16, p. 2329-36Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    AIM: To explore the nurse-patient interaction in terminally ill situations in acute care, focusing on the nurses' preparation for loss. BACKGROUND: Caring for dying patients can be a distressing and sometimes even threatening experience for nurses. Despite the vast body of literature on nurse/patient interaction and the quality of end-of-life care, few studies focus specifically on nurses' experience. DESIGN: A grounded theory approach was used to explore nurses' interaction with dying patients and their families and examine how nurses deal with situations in which the patient's death is inevitable. METHOD: Eighteen nurses were interviewed up to three times each at three teaching hospitals in Isfahan, Iran, during autumn 2006. A shortlist of possible participants was obtained by means of theoretical sampling and those who had experienced the death of patients and were able to express their feelings verbally were selected. RESULTS: The results clarified a core consideration: striking a balance between restorative and palliative care, information and hope, expectations and abilities and intimacy and distance. CONCLUSION: Attaining a balance in caring for dying patients is a major challenge to nurses: it concerns not only their interactions with patients and their families, but also their perceptions of themselves and their actions in end-of-life care. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: In end-of-life care, it is important for nurses to be able to change the focus of their care when the patient's condition is diagnosed as irreversible. They also need to be well equipped to maintain a balance, thereby preparing themselves for the patient's forthcoming death.

  • 219.
    Bossen, Anna
    et al.
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Karlsson, Pernilla
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Livet är viktigare än egenvården?: patienters upplevelser av livsstilsförändringar vid diabetes typ 22011Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background:Diabetes type 2 is a global, growing health problem. Lifestyle patterns as food habits, lack of exercise and stress are some of the reasons for developing the illness. Lifestyle changes are important means to get control of the blood sugar and to avoid vascular complications. To change living habits is complicated and the role of the nurse is to support patients in doing so. To better understand how the nurse could give adequate support it is important to get an understanding of the patients’ experiences.  

    Aim:Our aim is to describe experiences related to lifestyle changes among patients with type 2 diabetes. What barriers and opportunities do the patients experience in changing their lifestyle?

    Method:The study is a systematic literature review based on 14 qualitative articles published between the years 2001-2011. Databases used are CINAHL, PubMed, SwePub and Medline. The data analysis is influenced by Graneheim & Lundmans (2004) description of content analysis.

    Result:Two categories were identified; experiences of the diagnosis – a personal basis that influences the ability to change one’s lifestyle and the struggle to change one’s lifestyle – barriers and possibilities. Four subcategories were identified in the first category which illuminates the diagnosis influence on the patients’ ability to change their habits. Seven subcategories were found in the second category which describes barriers and possibilities for lifestyle changes.

    Discussion:The results were discussed using the theories of suffering and health of Katie Eriksson. The result shows that patients experienced different grades of suffering which had an impact on the lifestyle changes.

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  • 220.
    Boström, Amanda
    et al.
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Lindgren, Camilla
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Sjuksköterskans upplevelser av att arbeta med döende barn2005Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 221.
    Boström, Mia
    et al.
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Corestav, Lisa
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Sjuksköterskans bedömning av patienters postoperativa smärta2004Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 222.
    Boström, Susanne A.
    et al.
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Gonzalez, Mauricio
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Rydell, Ellen
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Patientens upplevelser av ulcerös colit och stomi: en litteraturstudie utifrån Antonovskys salutogena begreppsteori2004Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 223.
    Boularbah Enechar, Sakina
    et al.
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Persson, Maria
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Bevarandet av hoppet vid livets slutskede: En litteraturstudie om patienters upplevelser av hopp2012Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Hope is a phenomenon that is difficult to define. Hope is experienced in different ways and in different degrees by patients with a terminal illness. The experience of hope interacts with the experience of hopelessness. Hope is important for patients in palliative care and is able to give patients the ability to endure suffering and it is considered as an inner resource that is important to achieve quality of life. Aim: To study patients’ experiences of hope at the end of life. Method: A literature study was made by scientific articles. Ten articles were found and examined. Nine articles were qualitative and one was quantitative. The selected articles were studied and significant units were picked out and developed into categories. Results: The results are presented by symptom relief, independence, relationships, positive attitude, synthesis and acceptance. The results illustrate patients’ experiences of hope and how meaningful hope is at the end of life. Hope is having a good symptom relief, being with family and friends and being independent. Discussion: Patients’ experiences of hope are discussed in relation to other research on patients’ experiences of hope and in relation to the six S words. It also discusses important aspects of how nurses are able to foster patients’ experiences hope.

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  • 224.
    Bowall-Nygren, Pernilla
    et al.
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Ahlner, Lena
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Den vårdande relationen: Sett ur sjuksköterskans perspektiv2011Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: The increasing number of complaints to patient boards and Swedish board of social welfare focus on patients' perceptions of gaps in encounters with health professionals. In health science, the concept of caring relations is described as a fundamental prerequisite for caring. When nurses fail to provide caring relations may lead to a suffering for the patient and they are deprived of the right to participate in their health process. Aim: The aim of this study was to highlight nurses' descriptions and experiences of what makes the caring relationship caring. Method: A literature review based on an analysis of ten qualitative research articles was performed. Findings: The results revealed four themes that responded to the aim: compassion, presence, courage and take your time. These themes are partly intertwined. The caring relationship becomes caring when the nurse has the courage to be present in the meeting with the patient and has a personal commitment, has the creative ability to listen and really take the time to hear what the patient conveys. Discussion: There is a risk that human values are lost when the nurse ends up in performance and performs tasks. A nurse's knowledge and consciousness of existential and interpersonal needs must be highlighted in caring. Keywords: Caring relationship, presence, compassion, courage.

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    AhlnerBowallNygren
  • 225.
    Boyraz, Mona
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Kränkande bemötande inom omsorgen om de äldre - vad kan det leda till för omvårdnaden?2003Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 226.
    Boza Flores, Guisella
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Främjande respektive hindrande aspekter i sjuksköterskans kommunikation med patienter inom palliativ vård.2009Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 227.
    Bozic, Mirna
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Kommunikation mellan vårdare och dess påverkan på omvårdnaden2007Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 228.
    Braaf, Lisa
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences, St Lukas Educational Institute.
    Att inte släppa patienten på irrvägar: Fem psykoterapeutstudenters upplevelser av att lära sig arbeta med Intensive Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy2017Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 60 credits / 90 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: ISTDP, a method with a growing evidence base, requires a greater degree of activity and directness from the therapist than the classical psychodynamic approach. The purpose of this study is to gain knowledge of psychotherapy students' experience of learning ISTDP in parallel with other educational features.

    Questions: Focus on psychotherapy students' experience of learning ISTDP and integrating it with other ways to work in psychodynamic therapy.

    Results: Interviewees describe ambivalence: on one hand an appreciation of having learned the method, on the other the challenges of being active, attentive, and finding appropriate interventions. Growing experience led to greater courage and sense of security in the therapist role. The method was perceived to facilitate clarity, focus, and regulation of anxiety in patient work.

    Discussion: This study demonstrates the difficulties involved when learning a method where working ways differ from those taught in other courses. The study underlines the importance of a balance between challenge and security in the learning situation, considering the students' previous knowledge and limited. Factors that promote and impede learning are discussed.

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  • 229.
    Bratt, Ulrika
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Vårdpersonals attityder gentemot personer med demens: vad som påverkar attityderna och hur de påverkar bemötandet2006Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 230. Breitholtz, Agneta
    et al.
    Snellman, Ingrid
    Fagerberg, Ingegerd
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Carers' ambivalence in conflict situations with older persons2013In: Nursing Ethics, ISSN 0969-7330, E-ISSN 1477-0989, Vol. 20, no 2, p. 226-237Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study was to illuminate the meaning of professional carers’ experiences in caring situations when a conflict of interest arises with the older person receiving care. The findings reveal the complexity of the carers’ ambivalence when facing a conflict of interest, weighing up between the older persons’ right to self-determination and external demands. The carers are alone in their ambivalence, and the conclusion is that they need help and support to be more present in the encounter. The implication for this study is to focus on care as a person-centered practice and to focus on people as interdependent on support carers to maintain older people’s right to self-determination in the relationship.

  • 231. Breitholtz, Agneta
    et al.
    Snellman, Ingrid
    Fagerberg, Ingegerd
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Living with Uncertainty: Older Persons’ Lived Experience of Making Independent Decisions over Time2013In: Nursing Research and Practice, ISSN 2090-1429, E-ISSN 2090-1437, Vol. 2013Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of the study was to illuminate the meaning of older persons’ independent decision making concerning their daily care. Autonomy when in care is highly valued in the western world. However, research shows that autonomy can give rise to problematic issues. The complexity of independence and dependence for older people when living at home with help has also been highlighted. In Sweden, older people are increasingly expected to live at home with help from municipal home care services, and study into this aspect of care is limited. This study is a part of an ongoing project and has a qualitative life world perspective. Audiotaped narrative interviews were conducted and analysed using a phenomenological hermeneutic method. Findings revealed a main theme: “living with uncertainty as to how to relate one’s own independence and dependence with regard to oneself, and others.” This involves a constant process of relating to one’s independence controlled by others or oneself, and adjusting one’s independence and dependence with regard to oneself and others. The conclusion is that professional carers need to acknowledge the changing vulnerability of dependent older persons over time. The implication is a relational approach to autonomy beyond the traditional individualistic approach.

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  • 232.
    Breitholtz, Agneta
    et al.
    Karolinska Institutet.
    Snellman, Ingrid
    Mälardalens högskola.
    Fagerberg, Ingegerd
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Older people’s dependence on caregivers’ help in their own homes and their lived experiences of their opportunity to make independent decisions2013In: International Journal of Older People Nursing, ISSN 1748-3735, Vol. 8, no 2, p. 139-148Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study was to illuminate the meaning of older people’s dependence on caregivers’ help, and of their opportunity to make independent decisions.

    Background. Throughout the world, the older population is growing, and in Sweden, the system of care for older people is currently undergoing change. Older people in the need of care are expected to live at home for as long as possible.

    Design.A qualitative and life world approach was used.

    Methods. Audio-taped interviews were conducted with twelve older persons living at home, dependent on daily municipal home help service. A phenomenological hermeneutic method was utilised to disclose the meanings of lived experiences.

    Finding. The findings revealed three themes : being facilitated to make one’s own decisions, being hindered from making one’s own decisions, struggling for vs. resigning oneself to losing the opportunity to make one’s own decisions.

    The comprehensive understanding revealed that as older people become more dependent on caregivers’ help, their opportunity to self-determine is challenged and this is stressful for them.

    Conclusion. The older persons assess their opportunity to self-determine differently, depending on who they are as a person. The caregivers need an awareness of this, and further research is needed to gain knowledge and understanding of how caregivers can improve the way they support and enhance older people’s opportunity to decide for themselves.

    Implications for practice. The findings revealed older persons need to exercise more self-determination and caregivers’ need for knowledge to enable this. Further, it indicates a move towards a person-centred approach to focus on persons as individuals and see them as interdependent. The findings contribute to improvements in similar contexts worldwide.

  • 233.
    Breton, Cecilia
    et al.
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Stark, Nathalie
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Speglas den egna attityden i bemötandet?: Multiresistenta bakterier (MRB); inställning, kunskap och attityd2015Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Colonization and transmission of MDRB is an increasing problem today, both in society and in health care settings. MDRB is most commonly transmitted through cross-contamination through personal contact and contact with contaminated surfaces. Patient safety affects everybody within health care settings. Main responsibility lies with healthcare organizations and caregivers, to develop management systems for systematic quality improvement. Knowledge deficiency of MDRB among health care personnel and lack of clear guidelines in health care settings may influence the attitudes and behaviour towards patients with MDRB.

    Aim: To illustrate healthcare organizations responsibilities, nurses’ knowledge of MDRB and nurses’ attitudes and behaviour towards patients with MDRB.

    Method: The study was conducted as a literature review and ten scientific papers were analysed to generate the results.

    Results: The results showed that healthcare organizations and leadership were of great importance for the nurses’ ability to provide good and safe care for patients with MDRB. Knowledge about MDRB was also proved to be low. Deficient knowledge and lack of experience of caring for patients with MDRB among nurses might also influence their own fears of contracting MDRB.

    Discussions: The results were discussed against Travelbee’s Intrapersonal relationship- theory and the concept of caring. Healthcare organizations responsibility and nurses’ knowledge of MDRB seemed to be the eminent factors that influenced both behaviour and attitudes towards patients with MDRB.

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  • 234.
    Brindmark, Jessica
    et al.
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Nyberg, Ulrika
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    En vårdande tröst2008Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 235.
    Brodin, Elin
    et al.
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Börjeson, Felicia
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Patienters upplevelser av isolering i samband med MRSA: En litteraturöversikt2015Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: MRSA is a critical disease, where isolation might be necessary among the infected. The literature reveals more negative consequences than positive for isolated patients. Given this information, a paradox is highlighted that healthcare works to reduce the spread of infection of MRSA, while it may affect the care of the individual patient.

    Aim: The aim was to highlight patients' experiences of isolation due to MRSA.

    Method: A literature study was performed according to Friberg (2012) in order to review the existing knowledge. Ten scientific articles were retrieved, whereof seven are qualitative and three are quantitative.

    Results: The result supports the assumption that isolation affects the patients' experiences positively as well as negatively. The positive experiences are ”appreciation and calmness” and ”satisfaction”. There are more negative experiences. They are loneliness, boredom, anxiety, anger, frustration, confusion and bad treatment. Furthermore, a series of actions are proposed to improve patients' situations.

    Discussions: The results are discussed from the point of view of Løgstrup’s ethical demand. That aims to highlight the ethical dimension of nurses meeting with isolated patients. The discussion is divided in several titles with different starting points. One of the titels discuss the paradox and another discuss the results from an environmental point of view.

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  • 236.
    Brofelt, Monica
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Andliga behov i livets slutskede: ett omvårdnadsperspektiv2005Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 237.
    Brofelth, Anette
    et al.
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Wållberg, Moa
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Bemötande av anhöriga vid dödsfall inom akutsjukvården: en litteraturstudie2001Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 238.
    Broström, Anna
    et al.
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Löfström, Elina
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Jag behöver också stöd: Psykisk ohälsa ur ett familjeperspektiv2013Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Psykisk ohälsa är ett växande problem och behovet av hjälp ökar i Sverige. Familjemedlemmar till personer med psykisk ohälsa har en central roll i tillfrisknandet. Ansvaret hos familjemedlemmar har ökat sedan avinstitutionaliseringen ägde rum. Psykisk ohälsa är livsomställande, både för den drabbade och för familjen.

    Syfte: Syftet var att belysa familjemedlemmars upplevelser av att leva nära någon som lider av psykisk ohälsa.

    Metod: Arbetet var en litteraturöversikt och innefattar 10 vetenskapliga artiklar som alla var kvalitativa. Artiklarna har analyserats och sammanställt efter likheter och olikheter. Teman samt subteman framkom ur sammanställningen. Som teoretisk utgångspunkt valdes Joyce Travelbees teori om mellanmänskliga förhållanden. Teorin förklarar aspekter som är betydande för ett gott bemötande.

    Resultat: Familjemedlemmar upplevde att det förekom otillräcklig förståelse för ohälsan och osäkerhet på grund av bristande kunskaper och människors syn på psykisk ohälsa. Den psykiska ohälsan gav konsekvenser på det sociala livet. Upplevelser av sorg förekom pågrund av ohälsans påverkan på personlighet och medförde förändrade rutiner. Familjemedlemmar upplevde ett överväldigande ansvar som sträckte sig över lång tid som resulterade i oro inför framtiden. Det framkom olika sätt att hantera levnadssituationen och mötet med vården var betydelsefullt. Familjemedlemmar upplevde negativa och positiva upplevelser i mötet med vården.

    Diskussion: Mötet med vården har stor betydelse för att lätta på familjemedlemmars börda. Men familjemedlemmar upplevde att det framkom brister i bemötande såväl som i kommunikation och information. Sjuksköterskan har ett stort ansvar att involvera familjen och vara till stöd.

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  • 239.
    Broström, Jessica
    et al.
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Nilsson, Kajsa
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Äldre personer i vården - smärta och smärthantering: Faktorer som påverkar äldre personers vardagliga liv till följd av brister i bedömning och hantering av smärta2015Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Pain and elderly people are central parts of healthcare. Pain is a subjective feeling affecting humans both psychologically and physically. Pain is complex and there are many reasons why pain arises. Many elderly people in society do not get the right pain relief, which may be due to attitudes or incorrect assessments. To facilitate the assessment of pain, there are instruments that health professionals can use to assess the pain of the elderly.

    Aim: To describe elderly people’s perception of pain and how it’s administered in care settings.

    Method: A literature review that has been built on ten scientific articles. The articles were taken from CINAHL complete. Search terms used: Perception, aged, analgesia, nursing, pain, pain assessment, older adults, aged 80 above, patient, pain measurement, interviews. The theoretical framework was Katie Erikson's theory of suffering that refers to that suffering is part of life and is a defense for the individual.

    Results: The analyses of the results were divided into three themes: Pain and elderly, which illustrates how the pain is characterized in elderly. Identification and assessment of older people's pain, highlighting the assessment of older people's pain and the assessment instruments that can be used and how pain is managed, that elucidate the treatment of pain for elderly people.

    Discussions: The two themes addressed in the discussion were pain and elderly, and assessment of elderly people’s pain. These were discussed against Katie Erikson's theory about suffering and the consensus term care.

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  • 240.
    Broström, Monika
    et al.
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Wängberg, Jenny
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Patientens upplevelser av långvarig smärta och sjuksköterskans bemötande: Ur ett patientperspektiv2011Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Persistent pain is difficult to cure. The pain is difficult to reduce and can be very stressful to the body. The approach by the nurse can affect the patient’s perceived pain. A good approach can help the patient to find trust in public care and to reduce the pain, and a bad approach can make the pain experience worse.

    Aim: The aim of this study was to find out how patients with persistent pain experience their pain and how they experience the nurses clinical encounter in the care.

    Method: A literature study has been conducted, where ten articles handling persistent pain have been investigated, analyzed and been compiled into different themes. The articles have been both qualitative and quantitative. The study is based on Joyce Trevelbees nursing theory but includes other theories as well.

    Results: The result shows that the approach by the nurse is very important for the patient’s perception of the public care. Patients have felt offended, disparaged and disbelieved. Patients mean that the dialogue between the patient and the nurse is of high importance, as this is a way to handle concern and fear related to their illness.

    Discussion: It is important that the nurse is aware of the patient and the patient’s experiences. The approach by the nurse can affect the patient’s perception of the public care. It can create both a sense of security and of uncertainty for the patient. It is important as a nurse to leave your own values aside to be able to see the unique person in front of you.

    Keywords: Persistent pain, nursing, patients experiences, clinical encounter

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    Broström & Wängberg
  • 241.
    Brundell, Lisa
    et al.
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Ryd, Anja
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Att hantera de känslor som uppstår i vårdandet av döende människor på palliativa enheter.: Ett sjuksköterskeperspektiv2011Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 242.
    Bryngelson, Birgitta
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences, St Lukas Educational Institute.
    Att arbeta med Self-Disclosure: En fenomenologisk studie av fem psykodynamiska psykoterapeuters upplevelser2016Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: Within the psychodynamic theory, there are different opinions whether the therapist should tell the patient about himself. The therapists self-disclosure have been studied and discussed in psychoanalytic literature. The purpose of this article is to describe psychodynamic psychotherapists experiences of working with Self-Diclosure.

    Question: How do psychodynamic psychoterapists describe their experiences of working with Self-Disclosure?

    Method: The study uses the descriptive phenomenological human scientific method. Qualitative deep interviews was made with five psychodynamic psychotherapists at their office. The interviews were recorded and transcribed word for word. The material was divided into meaning units whose psychological content was elucidated, their mutual relations was studied and an understanding has been achieved. An continuous oscillation between the whole and the parts was made until the structure of the phenomenon was discovered.

    Result: In the analysis seven general structures were discovered. Milieu, personality, questions and answers, thoughts and feelings in the therapy room, life outside therapy, emotional experiences of Self-Disclosure and Self-Disclosure and its influence on the therapy process. Milieu and personality were regarded as inevitable Self-Disclosure. Verbal statements and emotional expressions could be both intentional and unintentional. Self-Disclosure can both hinder and facilitate the therapy process.

    Discussion: Safety and contact are emphasised as central in the therapy process by all therapists in the study. Self-Disclosure ought to be used with regard to both the patient and the phase in the therapy process. Both the content and the context are of importance for the consequence of Self-Disclosure. A pragmatic stance can favour the therapy process. The consequences cannot be foreseen but the most important is the therapist`s attention to how it is experienced and how it influence the therapy process.

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  • 243. Brännström, Margareta
    et al.
    Brulin, Christine
    Norberg, Astrid
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of palliative care research. Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Boman, Kurt
    Strandberg, Gunilla
    Being a palliative nurse for persons with severe congestive heart failure in advanced homecare.2005In: European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, ISSN 1474-5151, E-ISSN 1873-1953, Vol. 4, no 4, p. 314-23Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Advanced homecare for persons with congestive heart failure is a 'new' challenge for palliative nurses. The aim of this study is to illuminate the meaning of being a palliative nurse for persons with severe congestive heart failure in advanced homecare. Narrative interviews with 11 nurses were conducted, tape-recorded, and transcribed verbatim. A phenomenological-hermeneutic method was used to interpret the text. One meaning of being a palliative nurse is being firmly rooted and guided by the values of palliative culture. Being adaptable to the patient's way of life carries great weight. On one hand nurses live out this value, facilitating for the patients to live their everyday life as good as possible. Being a facilitator is revealed as difficult, challenging, but overall positive. On the other hand nurses get into a tight corner when values of palliative culture clash and do not correspond with the nurses interpretation of what is good for the person with congestive heart failure. Being in such a tight corner is revealed as frustrating and giving rise to feelings of inadequacy. Thus, it seems important to reflect critical on the values of palliative culture.

  • 244. Brännström, Margareta
    et al.
    Ekman, Inger
    Norberg, Astrid
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of palliative care research. Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Boman, Kurt
    Strandberg, Gunilla
    Living with severe chronic heart failure in palliative advanced home care.2006In: European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, ISSN 1474-5151, E-ISSN 1873-1953, Vol. 5, no 4, p. 295-302Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Living with severe chronic heart failure (CHF) in palliative care has been little studied. AIM: The aim of this study is to illuminate meaning of living with severe CHF in palliative advanced home care through patients' narratives. METHODS: Narrative interviews were conducted with 4 patients, tape-recorded and transcribed verbatim. A phenomenological-hermeneutic method was used to interpret the text. RESULTS: Meaning of living with severe CHF in palliative advanced home care emerged as 'knocking on death's door' although surviving. The course of the illness forces one to live a 'roller coaster life,' with an ongoing oscillation between ups and downs. Making it through the downs breeds a kind of confidence in one's ability to survive and the will to live is strong. Being offered a safety belt in the 'roller coaster' by the palliative advanced home care team evokes feelings of security. CONCLUSIONS: Meaning of living with severe CHF in palliative advanced home care is on one hand, being aware of one's imminent death, on the other hand, making it through the downs i.e. surviving life-threatening conditions, breed confidence in also surviving the current down. Being constructively dependent on palliative advanced home care facilitates everyday life at home.

  • 245.
    Brännsveden, Anna
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Vågar jag visa vem jag är?: lesbiska kvinnors upplevelser av bemötande inom somatisk sjukvård2002Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 246.
    Bullington, Jennifer
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Att vara kropp: värdigheten som mänskligt förkroppsligande2010In: Värdighet i vården av äldre personer / [ed] Lennart Nordenfelt, Lund: Studentlitteratur AB , 2010, 1, p. 105-137Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 247.
    Bullington, Jennifer
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Being body: the dignity of human embodiment2009In: Dignity in care for older people / [ed] Lennart Nordenfelt, Chichester, U.K.: Wiley-Blackwell , 2009, p. 54-76Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 248.
    Bullington, Jennifer
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Body and self: a phenomenological study on the ageing body and identity2006In: Journal of Medical Humanities, ISSN 1041-3545, E-ISSN 1573-3645, Vol. 32, no 1, p. 25-31Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of the study was to investigate how older people (60+) experience the ageing body and how these experiences affect aged peoples’ sense of identity. Explorative, open ended, interviews were conducted with 13 respondents between the ages of 63 and 82, recruited from a retired peoples’ organisation, Church organisations, and from the working population. The qualitative data was analysed with a phenomenological method, the so called EPP method, the empirical phenomenological psychological method. The results showed that generally the experience of the ageing body has to do with a changed life world, reactions to this change in terms of body and self, and finding ways to feel at home in this changed situation. Results are presented as three typologies, reflecting the different ways in which the respondents described this general experience: existential awakening, making it good enough, and new possibilities. The results give support to the research that points out the importance of activity for the self esteem of the elderly. According to this study, however, the meaning of “activity” can vary and can have different sources of motivation. Respondents in only one typology expressed frustration over limitations of the ageing body. Respondents exhibited entirely different ways of relating to the fact that death was approaching, which raises questions about how the elderly experience this impending horizon. Finally, the gender differences in this small study were quite clear: all the male respondents belonged to the typology “New possibilities”, raising questions about gender aspects concerning the meaning of freedom, appearance, activity, and self esteem.

  • 249.
    Bullington, Jennifer
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Body and Self: a phenomenological study on the aging body and identity2006In: The Self in Health and Illness: Patients, Professionals and Narrative Identity / [ed] Frances Rapport,Paul Wainwright, Oxford: Radcliffe Publishing , 2006, p. 69-82Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 250.
    Bullington, Jennifer
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Health Care Sciences.
    Den objektiva kroppen och den levda kroppen i behandlingsrummet2004In: När människan möter medicinen: livsvärldens och berättelsens betydelse för förståelsen av sjukdom och medicinsk teknologi / [ed] Sonja Olin Lauritzen, Fredrik Svenaeus & Ann-Christine Jonsson, Stockholm: Carlsson , 2004, p. 49-68Chapter in book (Other academic)
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